Allergi sen reaktion
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How to Tell If You Are Having an Allergic Reaction (and What to Do)
During an allergic reaction, your immune system overreacts when exposed to an allergen. If your immune system has become overly sensitized, you might have an allergic reaction after you inhale, eat, or touch the allergen, even if it doesn't cause the same reaction in others around you.
To diagnose allergies, a healthcare provider may try to identify the specific allergens that trigger your immune system, such as grass pollen, bee stings, or dust mites. Some people also choose to get immunotherapy, treatments specifically targeted to help reduce their immune overreaction to specific allergens.
What Causes an Allergic Reaction?
An allergic reaction happens when part of your immune system becomes abnormally programmed to overreact to a substance in the environment. It most commonly involves excess release of an antibody called immunoglobulin E (IgE).
Certain substances can confuse the immune system and trigger allergic reactions much more commonly than others, such as:
Some items you touch, such as latex, metals like nickel, or certain health and beauty products, might also trig
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Anafylaktinen reaktio (äkillinen yliherkkyysreaktio)
Keskeistä
- Anafylaktinen reaktio tarkoittaa äkillistä vakavaa moneen elimeen yhtaikaa vaikuttavaa yliherkkyyskohtausta, johon liittyy usein laaja-alainen nokkosihottuma ja turvotuksia.
- Anafylaktisen reaktion aiheuttaa tavallisesti allergia ruoalle, lääkkeelle tai ampiaiselle.
- Kohtaus hoidetaan aina välittömästi adrenaliinipistoksella. Sen jälkeen lisähoitona voidaan käyttää mm. kortisonia ja antihistamiinia.
- Aiheuttaja selvitetään erikoissairaanhoidossa esitietojen ja allergiatestien avulla.
Anafylaktisen reaktion määritelmä ja oireet
Anafylaktinen reaktio eli anafylaksia tarkoittaa monioireista vakavaa äkillistä yliherkkyysreaktiota. Se alkaa tavallisesti kämmenten, hiuspohjan ja huulien voimakkaalla kutinalla. Kutina leviää muutamassa minuutissa ympäri kehon. Koko iholle nousee nokkospaukamia. Huulissa ja silmäluomissa, usein muuallakin, on selvää turvotusta (angioedeemaa). Potilaan kurkkua kuristaa, ääni käheytyy ja henki saattaa vinkua. Vatsaa kouristaa, ja potilas saattaa oksentaa tai ripuloida. Pulssi on kiihtynyt ja iho on punakka. Vaikeimmissa tapauksissa verenpaine laskee ja sydämeen tulee rytmihäiriöitä. P
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Allergic reactions
Allergic reactions are sensitivities to substances called allergens that komma into contact with the skin, nose, eyes, respiratory tract, and gastrointestinal tract. They can be breathed into the lungs, swallowed, or injected.
Allergic reactions are common. The immune response that causes an allergic reaction fryst vatten similar to the response that causes hay fever. Most reactions happen soon after contact with an allergen.
Many allergic reactions are mild, while others can be severe and life threatening. They can be confined to a small area of the body, or they may affect the entire body. The most severe form fryst vatten called anaphylaxis or anaphylactic shock. Allergic reactions occur more often in people who have a family history of allergies.
Substances that don't bother most people (such as venom from bee stings and certain foods, medicines, and pollens) can trigger allergic reactions in certain people.
First-time exposure may tillverka only a mild reaction. Repeated exposures may lead to more serious reactions. Once a person has had an exposure or an allergic reaction (and thus fryst vatten sensitized to an allergen), even a very limited exposure to a very small amount of al